Process of making steel and ingot-iron.



BENJAMIQT TALBOT, OF DARLINGTON, ENJGLND.

PROCESS OF MAKING STEEL AND INGOT-IRQN.

No Drawing.

Specification Letters Patent. Application filed April 4, 1910, Serial No. 553,260.

To all whom it may; concern:

llc-it known that l, BENJAMIN TALBOT, a liritish subject, residin at \Yoodburn, Darlington, county of Dur 1am, England, have invented an Improved Process of Making hteeland Ingot-Iron.

My invention is an improvement on the Bessemer and continuous processes of manufacturing steel and ingot iron.

It consists in subjecting unrefined molten metal. taken from a blast furnace, cu )ola or mixer, to a surfacel'ilast, or blast through the upper strata of the metal, by which the bulk of the silicon and a greater or less per- 1 ccntage of other metalloids are eliminated, with conversion of 'raphite into combined carbon, and the production of an oxidizing slag; th'en pouring further metal to be refined through the slag of the metal blown and blowing the combined charges to effect the desired oxidation ofthe contained metalloids, themetal being-preferably transferred for final oxidation to a finishing furnace.

In practice; a basic lined converter having a capacity of fifty toone.hundre'd tone is preferably employed and an initial charge is introduced of say half the converters capacity. This metal is subjected to surface blast or .a blast directed through its upper strata. which produces considerable oxid of iron slag and a itates the metal, with the elimination of tie bulk of the siliconand more or less of the remaining metalloids, and changes to the combined form the bulk of the graphitic carbon not eliminated, the

- latter change avoidin the foaming and oocasional explosions ta 'ing'place in the treatment of liquid metal containing graphitic carbon' in finishing furnaces. The initial charge having been thus treated, the further half of the metal is pouredthrough the slag, ctl'ecting a precipitation and recovery of iron from the iron oxid in the slag and the oxidation of the met-alloids of the added iron. lbe full charge is now blown until the impurities are eliminated to the extent desired. when a part, orall of the metal is:-

tapped in a condition considerably hotter than is usual.

'lhc blmving is cli'cctcd at a comparatively short distance below the surface of the metal and consm ucntly a low pressure suffices for the introduction of thcblast'.

Preferably part of the metal is tapped intothe bath,

.in the further from thc conrertcr and the remainder is left for admixture with a further charge of impure metal to 'bertreated.

The practice of the process may be illustratcd by its application to the treatment of say fifty'tons of molten metal containing 3. 7, carbon, 1.25% silicon and .8% manganese. Of this metal -about twenty-five tons are run from the blast furnace, mixer 01' cupola into the converterand sllbjectedto a surface blast, or blast through its upperstrata, until the silicon has been oxidized down to say .2592 or under, the manganese to say .51- or even traces, and the carbon-rte say or the original content, the graphitic carbon which may have been 1% having been reduced to the combined form. The above cond tions having been attained, the remainder of the charge,

twenty-fire tons of impure Qmetal, is run less reaction takes ,place and the combined metal'is blown until. to or less,',.

More or the silicon has been reduced the manganese to-5% or even traces, and the carbon to about 2.75% or under, the remaining carbon being practically all in the combined form, which is of great advantage treatment in the finishing furnace. All or partof the condition is now tapped and run into the finishing furnace which is advantageously of the continuous open hearth type, though an electric or other form of finishing furnace may be employed.

Having described my invention, I claim: 1. The process of manufacturing iron and steel which consists in subjecting a charge of unrefined molten metal to a surface blast and producing an oxid of iron slag, adding 'a further charge of metal to be purified, and

blowing the combined charges.

2. The process of manufacturing iron and steel which consists in blowing the upper strata of a charge of molten metal, producing therebyian oxid of iron slag,eliminating' the hull: of the silicon. eliminatingpart, of the carbon and converting the bulk-of the remaining graphitic to combined carbon, then adding further impure metal and blowing the combined charges.

The proccss'of manufacturing iron and steel which consists in placing a charge of Patented Feb. es, 1911. 2

consisting of, about metal in this unrefined metal in a converter, subjecting said metal to surface blowing so as topro- 'duce an oxidizing slag and eliminate' t he :bulk of the silicon with more or less of the I my jmiiie this 2nd day of Ap17iI, 19l0, in the etheihmeitalloids, adiling a1 furtuifl charge fif presence-of the subscribing witnesses; unre ,ne metal to t 1e batl an owing t e v combined charges, tapping metal from the TALBOT 5 converter and subjeetingit to further tx eat- \Vitnesses:

ment in a finishing furnace. ROBERT JAMES .EABLEY, In witness whereof I have hereunto set 'JOBJ'G. DENNYIJLV 

